顶部加箍碎石桩极限承载力上限分析     

王纯子  陈昌富  赵阳 《岩土力学》2015,36(6):1801-1806

针对软土区顶部加箍碎石桩复合地基,根据理论上较为严密的极限分析上限法,通过构建协调的速度场,综合考虑土重和加箍段桩侧摩阻力等因素的影响,基于能量平衡原理推导出了单桩极限承载力递推计算公式。在此基础上,利用随机优化搜索方法搜索出临界滑裂面,从而获得更为合理、严密的顶部加箍碎石桩极限承载力计算方法。最后,结合典型的工程实例进行了对比验证和参数分析,结果表明：计算结果与实测值、既有方法计算值相比相对误差在5.4%范围内,最优顶部加箍深度约为桩体半径的8倍,可为工程实践提供一定的参考。  相似文献   

High pressure jet-grouting column installation effect in soft soil: Theoretical model and field application     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2017

This paper presents a theoretical model for investigating the installation effect of high pressure jet grouting column in soft clay. The model is formulated by assuming the installation process as a series of pressure-controlled spherical cavity expansion in semi-infinite soil, of which the approximate solutions are derived by combining use of two fundamental solutions of spherical cavity expansion in finite spherical symmetry soil and displacement-controlled spherical cavity expansion in semi-infinite soil. The approximate solutions are then validated by comparing the predictions with FEM results as well as published results. The comparison results show that the presented approximate solutions are suitable for the problem of pressure-controlled spherical cavity expansion in semi-infinite soil, particularly in evaluating the limit expansion pressure as well as the expansion pressure-ground surface displacement relation. Subsequently, the proposed approximately solutions are applied to interpret the limit injection pressure and the grouting pressure-ground surface displacement during the installation process of HPJ-GC. Some parametric studies are also conducted. Furthermore, an instrumented field test study of HPJ-GC is conducted in the thick soft soils comprising quaternary alluvial and marine deposits of the Lianyungang-Yancheng Highway located in Jiangsu Province, China. The measured ground heave is compared with the analytical predictions using the proposed theoretical model. Reasonable agreement is achieved.  相似文献   

基于SGR算法的断层侧向封闭性评价方法改进及其应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

王超  付广  董英洁  杨德相  曹兰柱  胡欣蕾 《地质学报》2017,91(7):1641-1650

利用Yielding断层侧向封闭性评价方法预测油柱高度过程中,发现断层侧向封闭油气能力与油气分布呈现部分不吻合现象,经过深入研究表明:是由于未考虑断层侧向封闭油气下限以及封闭区域造成的。当断面上某一深度范围内最小断层泥化率(SGR值)大于断层侧向封闭油气下限时,整条断层在该深度范围内对油气具有侧向封闭能力,Yielding断层侧向评价方法可直接应用,其预测结果与油气吻合度较好;而当断面上某一深度范围内最小SGR值小于断层侧向封闭油气下限时,该点在封闭区域之外,按照Yielding预测方法可能会低估或高估断层的侧向封闭能力。为了更准确研究断层侧向封闭性评价方法,因此针对这种情况对断层侧向封闭评价方法进行了改进,并选取冀中坳陷文安斜坡断层型圈闭为例,利用改进后的断层侧向评价方法对断圈侧向封闭能力进行定量评价,结果表明:沙一段1~2号断圈的预测结果与井含油气性相吻合,表明该方法用于定量评价断层侧向封闭性是可行的,更正了Yielding评价方法低估或高估封闭断圈侧向封闭油气的能力,提高了断层侧向封闭能力预测的准确度。  相似文献   

利用半透膜渗透装置富集-超声萃取分析表层沉积物间隙水PCBs的方法     

边莹  刘星  葛林科  赫春香  张蓬 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(4):745-752

本文建立了半透膜渗透装置(semi-permeable membrane device,SPMD)富集-超声萃取-凝胶渗透色谱净化-气相色谱法测定沉积物间隙水中多氯联苯(PCBs)的方法。比较了有机溶剂透析法与超声萃取法从膜袋内提取PCBs的回收率,发现超声萃取法在节省时间和溶剂方面有明显优势。应用凝胶渗透色谱分离与净化SPMD提取物,收集11—17min的流出液能达到最佳分离效果。基于此方法测定了大连湾沉积物间隙水中自由溶解态PCBs的含量(C_(W-SPMD)),同时又分析了沉积物中PCBs的总量(C_(SED))、间隙水中PCBs的含量(有机碳含量校正法,C_(W-SED))和间隙水中PCBs的总含量(离心法,C_(PW))。结果表明,C_(PW)值显著高于C_(W-SED)和C_(W-SPMD)值。因此,考虑到生物可利用性,无论采用沉积物中或者间隙水中的PCBs总量进行污染物生态风险评价均会造成风险被高估,建议采用间隙水中可溶解态含量。  相似文献   

An experimental investigation into the wave power extraction of a floating box-type breakwater with dual pneumatic chambers     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

The oscillating water column (OWC) device is in a leading position for wave power extraction but has not achieved fully commercial at the current stage. In addition to enhancing the OWC performance, installing OWCs on floating breakwaters, which owns the merits of both cost-sharing and offshore power supply, is a practicality with high economic viability. In this study, a series of wave-flume experiments were conducted in regular waves to examine the wave power extraction of a floating box-type breakwater with dual pneumatic chambers. The flow characteristics of the orifices used to simulate the PTOs was pre-calibrated through another series of experiments, so the power extraction in this study can be obtained with only the pressure measurement. The effects of wave period, chamber draft, water depth and arrangement of chambers on the power extraction were examined. Our experimental results showed that the power extraction was mainly due to the water column oscillation inside the chamber, and differentiation in the designed natural periods of dual chambers could widen the efficiency bandwidth of power extraction. The front chamber always played the main role in power extraction and its natural period should be designed against the dominating period of the wave spectrum; in contrast, the power extraction of the rear chamber was only a supplement and its natural period should be designed against longer waves which were more easily transmitted, thus a PTO of small power capacity maybe more realistic. It was also worth noting that the water column oscillation was more dependent on the wave period rather than controlled by the wave scattering under different water depths.  相似文献   

CE-318太阳光度计及探空数据反演水汽含量与MODIS近红外水汽产品对比     

李成  黄秋燕  覃志豪 《地球信息科学学报》2017,19(7):994-1000

大气水汽含量是遥感定量反演的重要参数。本文利用CE-318太阳光度计,反演了2014年6月至2016年5月南宁市的大气水汽含量,分析其季节变化特征,并将其与探空数据、MODIS近红外水汽产品数据进行相关性分析。结果表明：（1）南宁市大气水汽含量季节变化特征明显：夏季高达4~6 g/cm²,而冬季则只有2 g/cm²,与南宁地处亚热带地区有关。夏季该地区季风气候盛行,大气水汽含量高,冬季季风气候减弱,大气相对干燥。（2）CE-318太阳光度计反演的大气水汽含量（PW）与探空数据获取的水汽含量之间存在良好的线性相关,相关系数为0.877,平均绝对误差为0.42 g/cm²,平均相对误差为10.96%;而MODIS近红外波段反演的水汽精度较低,平均绝对误差为0.74 g/cm²,平均相对误差为18.74%。  相似文献   

河西走廊入口区下垫面对沙尘天气影响的模拟研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李丹华  隆霄  温晓培  江颖  孟晓文 《中国沙漠》2017,37(6):1210-1218

在利用常规观测资料统计分析2000—2011年和沙尘天气多发年河西走廊入口区代表站点春季风速分布特征的基础上,采用区域气候模式（Regcm4.3.5.6）和欧洲中心更新的4DVar同化的ERA-interim资料,分析了河西走廊入口区下垫面类型改变对2007年4月13日一次沙尘天气过程的影响。结果表明：沙尘暴爆发时,河西走廊为风速大值区,风速8～10 m·s^-1;区域气候模式模拟的沙尘特征量与站点观测的沙尘天气分布对比发现,模拟的沙尘区的发展变化能较好地表征这次沙尘天气过程的变化;河西走廊入口区植被由沙漠改为落叶阔叶林后,发生沙尘天气时该地区风速有所减小,减小平均值为3 m·s^-1,且风速越大,减小越明显。不同粒径沙尘的起沙率和沙尘粒子柱含量对下垫面类型改变的响应有所不同,减小量最大分别达到-50 mg·m^-2·d^-1和-50 mg·m^-2,0.01～5.0 μm粒径沙尘减小范围和强度相差不大,5.0～20 μm粒径沙尘由于粒径最大减小最明显,由于模式中考虑的2.5～5.0 μm粒径沙尘在大气中所占比例小,减小量级和范围最弱。改变下垫面类型使得起沙率和沙尘粒子柱含量在沙尘天气最强时刻减少最显著。  相似文献   

低幅应变条件下粉质黏土泊松比的非线性特征     

陈树峰  孔令伟  黎澄生 《岩土力学》2018,39(2):580-588

对哈尔滨原状粉质黏土进行共振柱试验,通过扭转及弯曲试验得出相应的弹性模量E、剪切模量G、泊松比ν,旨在分析低幅应变下粉质黏土泊松比随应变发展的非线性特征。试验结果表明：随着应变的增大,粉质黏土剪切模量与弹性模量均出现衰减,但二者衰减并不同步,剪切模量先于弹性模量发生衰减;泊松比随着应变的增大而增大,并随着围压的升高而降低;在半对数坐标系下,泊松比与归一化剪切模量 近似呈线性关系,基于此提出低幅应变下泊松比预测模型。理论推导证明：低幅应变下ν- 曲线呈线性具有其必然性;随着应变的发展和 值的降低,ν- 曲线由斜率一定的线性段过渡到斜率逐渐降低的非线性段,并最终趋近于一定值。基于理论推导建立了泊松比预测模型参数与Hardin-Drnevich模型参数的关系,由此可依据低幅应变下ν- 曲线形态对较高应变下泊松比进行预测,实例验证表明该方法预测结果较好,具有一定应用价值。  相似文献   

约束钢筋混凝土十字形柱的高温轴力分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴波  ;陈书良 《地震学刊》2009,(6):676-683

利用结构抗火分析软件SAFIR,研究了高温下约束十字形柱的轴力变化过程,考察了众多参数对该过程的影响规律,初步建立了其实用计算方法。研究结果表明：①荷载比、轴向约束刚度比、转动约束刚度比、荷载偏心率、截面尺寸对该变化过程影响较大,而柱长度、材料强度、混凝土保护层厚度、配筋率则对该过程影响较小。②随着轴向约束刚度比增加,轴压柱和偏压柱的轴力变化系数峰值均逐渐增大,且后者的增大效应相比前者更为显著。③有无转动约束存在对轴压柱和偏压柱的轴力变化系数峰值影响有限,非零转动约束刚度比盼大小对轴力变化系数随升温时间的变化过程影响很小。④随着荷载比增加,轴力变化系数峰值迅速减小,这一趋势对于偏压柱更为显著;随着荷载偏心率增加,轴力变化系数迅速增大。由于火灾中相邻构件之间相互约束作用的客观存在,正确把握高温下约束构件的内力变化过程对科学解释其真实火灾行为是必要的。  相似文献   

Seismic strengthening of RC columns using external steel cage     

Pasala Nagaprasad  Dipti Ranjan Sahoo  Durgesh C. Rai 《地震工程与结构动力学》2009,38(14):1563-1586

Steel caging technique is commonly used for the seismic strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) columns of rectangular cross‐section. The steel cage consists of angle sections placed at corners and held together by battens at intervals along the height. In the present study, a rational design method is developed to proportion the steel cage considering its confinement effect on the column concrete. An experimental study was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed design method and detailing of steel cage battens within potential plastic hinge regions. One ordinary RC column and two strengthened columns were investigated experimentally under constant axial compressive load and gradually increasing reversed cyclic lateral displacements. Both strengthened columns showed excellent behavior in terms of flexural strength, lateral stiffness, energy dissipation and ductility due to the external confinement of the column concrete. The proposed model for confinement effect due to steel cage reasonably predicted moment capacities of the strengthened sections, which matched with the observed experimental values. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献